Hello Philippe
As far as I know, this option is not implemented in Telemac-3D. Variable time step depends on the defintion of a stability criterion (such as CFL for 1D and 2D) for explicit advection schemes.
For 3D, some advection schemes are explicit and then they are conditionally stable (all MURD-based schemes). You can use this stability condition and then introduce (exactly in the same way as in 2D (subroutine Telemac2d.f from line 1455 to 1472)) variable time step option.
Usually, variable time step is often used for mesh comvergence studies when user fixes the CFL for increasingly refined meshes. For 3D studies, this kind of h-convergence is also important. However, people consider very often, the effect of the number of planes separately of the the one of 2D mesh refinement.
I hope that this helps
with my best regards
Riadh Ata